[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":771},["ShallowReactive",2],{"wiki-/wiki/network/ipv6":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":762,"extension":763,"meta":764,"navigation":765,"path":766,"section":767,"seo":768,"stem":769,"__hash__":770},"wiki/wiki/network/ipv6.md","Настройка IPv6 на VPS",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":746},"minimark",[9,21,27,30,35,38,42,55,59,70,74,79,105,112,115,130,133,137,151,154,162,165,169,172,185,192,259,262,349,360,363,376,380,383,430,433,499,503,506,526,529,542,545,557,561,566,569,585,592,597,600,631,634,642,648,674,678,683,686,691,694,699,702,706,724,728,742],[10,11,12,16,17,20],"p",{},[13,14,15],"strong",{},"Время:"," 10 мин · ",[13,18,19],{},"Сложность:"," ★★☆☆☆",[10,22,23,26],{},[13,24,25],{},"Подходит:"," ✓ Ubuntu 22.04 · ✓ Debian 12 · ✓ AlmaLinux 9",[28,29],"hr",{},[31,32,34],"h2",{"id":33},"краткое-описание","Краткое описание",[10,36,37],{},"IPv6 — современный протокол адресации с практически неограниченным пулом адресов. На VPS Cheesecake Cloud IPv6-адрес часто уже назначен, но не активирован в конфиге ОС. Эта статья поможет проверить наличие IPv6, включить его в настройках сети и убедиться, что трафик ходит корректно.",[31,39,41],{"id":40},"когда-пригодится","Когда пригодится",[43,44,45,49,52],"ul",{},[46,47,48],"li",{},"Хотите использовать IPv6 для почтового сервера или CDN",[46,50,51],{},"Приложение требует двойного стека (dual-stack, IPv4 + IPv6)",[46,53,54],{},"Нужно протестировать доступность сайта по IPv6 перед включением AAAA-записи",[31,56,58],{"id":57},"что-понадобится","Что понадобится",[43,60,61,64,67],{},[46,62,63],{},"Доступ по SSH или через VNC-консоль",[46,65,66],{},"Права суперпользователя",[46,68,69],{},"IPv6-адрес, выданный провайдером — проверьте в панели Cheesecake Cloud",[31,71,73],{"id":72},"пошаговая-инструкция","Пошаговая инструкция",[75,76,78],"h3",{"id":77},"_1-проверить-есть-ли-ipv6-на-интерфейсе","1. Проверить, есть ли IPv6 на интерфейсе",[80,81,86],"pre",{"className":82,"code":83,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","ip -6 a\n","bash","",[87,88,89],"code",{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,91,94,98,102],"span",{"class":92,"line":93},"line",1,[90,95,97],{"class":96},"sBMFI","ip",[90,99,101],{"class":100},"sfazB"," -6",[90,103,104],{"class":100}," a\n",[10,106,107,108,111],{},"Если в выводе только ",[87,109,110],{},"lo"," (loopback) — IPv6 на основном интерфейсе не настроен.",[10,113,114],{},"Проверить внешний IPv6-адрес:",[80,116,118],{"className":82,"code":117,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"curl -6 ifconfig.me\n",[87,119,120],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,121,122,125,127],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,123,124],{"class":96},"curl",[90,126,101],{"class":100},[90,128,129],{"class":100}," ifconfig.me\n",[10,131,132],{},"Если команда зависла или вернула ошибку — IPv6 не работает или не настроен.",[75,134,136],{"id":135},"_2-проверить-маршрут-по-умолчанию","2. Проверить маршрут по умолчанию",[80,138,140],{"className":82,"code":139,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"ip -6 route\n",[87,141,142],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,143,144,146,148],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,145,97],{"class":96},[90,147,101],{"class":100},[90,149,150],{"class":100}," route\n",[10,152,153],{},"Должна быть строка вида:",[80,155,160],{"className":156,"code":158,"language":159},[157],"language-text","default via fe80::1 dev eth0\n","text",[87,161,158],{"__ignoreMap":85},[10,163,164],{},"Если маршрута нет — трафик IPv6 некуда отправлять, даже если адрес назначен.",[75,166,168],{"id":167},"_3-ubuntu-debian-включение-через-netplan","3. Ubuntu / Debian — включение через Netplan",[10,170,171],{},"Откройте конфиг:",[80,173,175],{"className":82,"code":174,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"nano /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml\n",[87,176,177],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,178,179,182],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,180,181],{"class":96},"nano",[90,183,184],{"class":100}," /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml\n",[10,186,187,188,191],{},"Для автоматического получения IPv6 по SLAAC или DHCPv6 добавьте ",[87,189,190],{},"dhcp6: true",":",[80,193,197],{"className":194,"code":195,"language":196,"meta":85,"style":85},"language-yaml shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","network:\n  version: 2\n  ethernets:\n    eth0:\n      dhcp4: true\n      dhcp6: true\n","yaml",[87,198,199,209,221,229,237,249],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,200,201,205],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,202,204],{"class":203},"swJcz","network",[90,206,208],{"class":207},"sMK4o",":\n",[90,210,212,215,217],{"class":92,"line":211},2,[90,213,214],{"class":203},"  version",[90,216,191],{"class":207},[90,218,220],{"class":219},"sbssI"," 2\n",[90,222,224,227],{"class":92,"line":223},3,[90,225,226],{"class":203},"  ethernets",[90,228,208],{"class":207},[90,230,232,235],{"class":92,"line":231},4,[90,233,234],{"class":203},"    eth0",[90,236,208],{"class":207},[90,238,240,243,245],{"class":92,"line":239},5,[90,241,242],{"class":203},"      dhcp4",[90,244,191],{"class":207},[90,246,248],{"class":247},"sfNiH"," true\n",[90,250,252,255,257],{"class":92,"line":251},6,[90,253,254],{"class":203},"      dhcp6",[90,256,191],{"class":207},[90,258,248],{"class":247},[10,260,261],{},"Если провайдер выдал статический IPv6-адрес, укажите его явно:",[80,263,265],{"className":194,"code":264,"language":196,"meta":85,"style":85},"network:\n  version: 2\n  ethernets:\n    eth0:\n      dhcp4: true\n      addresses:\n        - 2001:db8::10/64\n      routes:\n        - to: ::/0\n          via: 2001:db8::1\n",[87,266,267,273,281,287,293,301,308,317,325,338],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,268,269,271],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,270,204],{"class":203},[90,272,208],{"class":207},[90,274,275,277,279],{"class":92,"line":211},[90,276,214],{"class":203},[90,278,191],{"class":207},[90,280,220],{"class":219},[90,282,283,285],{"class":92,"line":223},[90,284,226],{"class":203},[90,286,208],{"class":207},[90,288,289,291],{"class":92,"line":231},[90,290,234],{"class":203},[90,292,208],{"class":207},[90,294,295,297,299],{"class":92,"line":239},[90,296,242],{"class":203},[90,298,191],{"class":207},[90,300,248],{"class":247},[90,302,303,306],{"class":92,"line":251},[90,304,305],{"class":203},"      addresses",[90,307,208],{"class":207},[90,309,311,314],{"class":92,"line":310},7,[90,312,313],{"class":207},"        -",[90,315,316],{"class":100}," 2001:db8::10/64\n",[90,318,320,323],{"class":92,"line":319},8,[90,321,322],{"class":203},"      routes",[90,324,208],{"class":207},[90,326,328,330,333,335],{"class":92,"line":327},9,[90,329,313],{"class":207},[90,331,332],{"class":203}," to",[90,334,191],{"class":207},[90,336,337],{"class":100}," ::/0\n",[90,339,341,344,346],{"class":92,"line":340},10,[90,342,343],{"class":203},"          via",[90,345,191],{"class":207},[90,347,348],{"class":100}," 2001:db8::1\n",[10,350,351,352,355,356,359],{},"Замените ",[87,353,354],{},"2001:db8::10/64"," и ",[87,357,358],{},"2001:db8::1"," на адрес и шлюз из панели управления.",[10,361,362],{},"Применить:",[80,364,366],{"className":82,"code":365,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"netplan apply\n",[87,367,368],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,369,370,373],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,371,372],{"class":96},"netplan",[90,374,375],{"class":100}," apply\n",[75,377,379],{"id":378},"_4-almalinux-включение-через-networkmanager","4. AlmaLinux — включение через NetworkManager",[10,381,382],{},"Автоматическая настройка IPv6:",[80,384,386],{"className":82,"code":385,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"nmcli con mod \"System eth0\" ipv6.method auto\nnmcli con up \"System eth0\"\n",[87,387,388,414],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,389,390,393,396,399,402,405,408,411],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,391,392],{"class":96},"nmcli",[90,394,395],{"class":100}," con",[90,397,398],{"class":100}," mod",[90,400,401],{"class":207}," \"",[90,403,404],{"class":100},"System eth0",[90,406,407],{"class":207},"\"",[90,409,410],{"class":100}," ipv6.method",[90,412,413],{"class":100}," auto\n",[90,415,416,418,420,423,425,427],{"class":92,"line":211},[90,417,392],{"class":96},[90,419,395],{"class":100},[90,421,422],{"class":100}," up",[90,424,401],{"class":207},[90,426,404],{"class":100},[90,428,429],{"class":207},"\"\n",[10,431,432],{},"Для статического адреса:",[80,434,436],{"className":82,"code":435,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"nmcli con mod \"System eth0\" ipv6.method manual \\\n  ipv6.addresses \"2001:db8::10/64\" \\\n  ipv6.gateway \"2001:db8::1\"\nnmcli con up \"System eth0\"\n",[87,437,438,461,474,485],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,439,440,442,444,446,448,450,452,454,457],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,441,392],{"class":96},[90,443,395],{"class":100},[90,445,398],{"class":100},[90,447,401],{"class":207},[90,449,404],{"class":100},[90,451,407],{"class":207},[90,453,410],{"class":100},[90,455,456],{"class":100}," manual",[90,458,460],{"class":459},"sTEyZ"," \\\n",[90,462,463,466,468,470,472],{"class":92,"line":211},[90,464,465],{"class":100},"  ipv6.addresses",[90,467,401],{"class":207},[90,469,354],{"class":100},[90,471,407],{"class":207},[90,473,460],{"class":459},[90,475,476,479,481,483],{"class":92,"line":223},[90,477,478],{"class":100},"  ipv6.gateway",[90,480,401],{"class":207},[90,482,358],{"class":100},[90,484,429],{"class":207},[90,486,487,489,491,493,495,497],{"class":92,"line":231},[90,488,392],{"class":96},[90,490,395],{"class":100},[90,492,422],{"class":100},[90,494,401],{"class":207},[90,496,404],{"class":100},[90,498,429],{"class":207},[31,500,502],{"id":501},"проверка-результата","Проверка результата",[10,504,505],{},"Убедитесь, что IPv6-адрес появился на интерфейсе:",[80,507,509],{"className":82,"code":508,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"ip -6 a show eth0\n",[87,510,511],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,512,513,515,517,520,523],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,514,97],{"class":96},[90,516,101],{"class":100},[90,518,519],{"class":100}," a",[90,521,522],{"class":100}," show",[90,524,525],{"class":100}," eth0\n",[10,527,528],{},"Проверьте связность — пинг до публичного DNS Google:",[80,530,532],{"className":82,"code":531,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"ping6 2001:4860:4860::8888\n",[87,533,534],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,535,536,539],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,537,538],{"class":96},"ping6",[90,540,541],{"class":100}," 2001:4860:4860::8888\n",[10,543,544],{},"Проверьте маршрут:",[80,546,547],{"className":82,"code":139,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},[87,548,549],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,550,551,553,555],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,552,97],{"class":96},[90,554,101],{"class":100},[90,556,150],{"class":100},[31,558,560],{"id":559},"возможные-ошибки","Возможные ошибки",[10,562,563],{},[13,564,565],{},"Сайты не открываются по IPv6, хотя адрес есть",[10,567,568],{},"Проверьте DNS-запись типа AAAA для вашего домена:",[80,570,572],{"className":82,"code":571,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"dig AAAA example.com\n",[87,573,574],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,575,576,579,582],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,577,578],{"class":96},"dig",[90,580,581],{"class":100}," AAAA",[90,583,584],{"class":100}," example.com\n",[10,586,587,588,591],{},"Если запись есть, но браузер не открывает — проверьте, что у вас настроен маршрут по умолчанию (",[87,589,590],{},"ip -6 route",").",[10,593,594],{},[13,595,596],{},"Нет маршрута по умолчанию для IPv6",[10,598,599],{},"Добавьте маршрут вручную (временно, до перезагрузки):",[80,601,603],{"className":82,"code":602,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"ip -6 route add default via fe80::1 dev eth0\n",[87,604,605],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,606,607,609,611,614,617,620,623,626,629],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,608,97],{"class":96},[90,610,101],{"class":100},[90,612,613],{"class":100}," route",[90,615,616],{"class":100}," add",[90,618,619],{"class":100}," default",[90,621,622],{"class":100}," via",[90,624,625],{"class":100}," fe80::1",[90,627,628],{"class":100}," dev",[90,630,525],{"class":100},[10,632,633],{},"Для постоянного решения — добавьте маршрут в конфиг Netplan или NetworkManager (см. выше).",[10,635,636],{},[13,637,638,641],{},[87,639,640],{},"curl -6 ifconfig.me"," зависает",[10,643,644,645,191],{},"Убедитесь, что файрвол не блокирует исходящий IPv6-трафик. Если используете ",[87,646,647],{},"ufw",[80,649,651],{"className":82,"code":650,"language":84,"meta":85,"style":85},"ufw allow out on eth0 to any\n",[87,652,653],{"__ignoreMap":85},[90,654,655,657,660,663,666,669,671],{"class":92,"line":93},[90,656,647],{"class":96},[90,658,659],{"class":100}," allow",[90,661,662],{"class":100}," out",[90,664,665],{"class":100}," on",[90,667,668],{"class":100}," eth0",[90,670,332],{"class":100},[90,672,673],{"class":100}," any\n",[31,675,677],{"id":676},"faq","FAQ",[10,679,680],{},[13,681,682],{},"Нужен ли IPv6, если есть IPv4?",[10,684,685],{},"Зависит от задач. Для почтовых серверов IPv6 желателен — некоторые принимающие серверы проверяют наличие PTR-записи для IPv6. Для обычного веб-сервера — по желанию.",[10,687,688],{},[13,689,690],{},"Можно ли использовать IPv4 и IPv6 одновременно?",[10,692,693],{},"Да, это называется dual-stack. Оба протокола работают независимо на одном интерфейсе.",[10,695,696],{},[13,697,698],{},"Где взять IPv6-адрес?",[10,700,701],{},"В панели Cheesecake Cloud, в карточке сервера. Если IPv6 не выдан — обратитесь в поддержку.",[31,703,705],{"id":704},"полезные-ссылки","Полезные ссылки",[43,707,708,717],{},[46,709,710],{},[711,712,716],"a",{"href":713,"rel":714},"https://netplan.io/reference/",[715],"nofollow","Документация Netplan — IPv6",[46,718,719],{},[711,720,723],{"href":721,"rel":722},"https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4291",[715],"RFC 4291 — архитектура адресации IPv6",[31,725,727],{"id":726},"следующие-статьи","Следующие статьи",[43,729,730,736],{},[46,731,732],{},[711,733,735],{"href":734},"/wiki/network/ipv4","Настройка IPv4 на VPS",[46,737,738],{},[711,739,741],{"href":740},"/wiki/network/dns","DNS-записи: основы",[743,744,745],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sBMFI, html code.shiki .sBMFI{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html pre.shiki code .sfazB, html code.shiki .sfazB{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#C3E88D;--shiki-dark:#C3E88D}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki code .swJcz, html code.shiki .swJcz{--shiki-light:#E53935;--shiki-default:#F07178;--shiki-dark:#F07178}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki .sMK4o{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .sbssI, html code.shiki .sbssI{--shiki-light:#F76D47;--shiki-default:#F78C6C;--shiki-dark:#F78C6C}html pre.shiki code .sfNiH, html code.shiki .sfNiH{--shiki-light:#FF5370;--shiki-default:#FF9CAC;--shiki-dark:#FF9CAC}html pre.shiki code .sTEyZ, html code.shiki .sTEyZ{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-dark:#BABED8}",{"title":85,"searchDepth":211,"depth":211,"links":747},[748,749,750,751,757,758,759,760,761],{"id":33,"depth":211,"text":34},{"id":40,"depth":211,"text":41},{"id":57,"depth":211,"text":58},{"id":72,"depth":211,"text":73,"children":752},[753,754,755,756],{"id":77,"depth":223,"text":78},{"id":135,"depth":223,"text":136},{"id":167,"depth":223,"text":168},{"id":378,"depth":223,"text":379},{"id":501,"depth":211,"text":502},{"id":559,"depth":211,"text":560},{"id":676,"depth":211,"text":677},{"id":704,"depth":211,"text":705},{"id":726,"depth":211,"text":727},"Как включить и настроить IPv6 на VPS.","md",{},true,"/wiki/network/ipv6","Сеть",{"title":5,"description":762},"wiki/network/ipv6","GzuHSYQdG9FvtNEeQXQOn4UXBCR6Mz5jzrMJ5s049mg",1788285514948]