[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":822},["ShallowReactive",2],{"wiki-\u002Fwiki\u002Fgame-servers\u002Fminecraft":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":814,"extension":815,"meta":816,"navigation":424,"path":817,"section":818,"seo":819,"stem":820,"__hash__":821},"wiki\u002Fwiki\u002Fgame-servers\u002Fminecraft.md","Установка сервера Minecraft (Java Edition)",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":795},"minimark",[9,21,27,30,35,43,47,60,64,83,87,92,95,98,134,137,150,154,157,201,205,215,266,272,276,279,304,308,315,339,353,387,391,398,478,489,492,517,521,537,550,554,597,601,609,622,640,649,653,670,680,720,737,741,763,767,791],[10,11,12,16,17,20],"p",{},[13,14,15],"strong",{},"Время:"," 20 мин · ",[13,18,19],{},"Сложность:"," ★★☆☆☆",[10,22,23,26],{},[13,24,25],{},"Подходит:"," ✓ Ubuntu 22.04 · ✓ Debian 12",[28,29],"hr",{},[31,32,34],"h2",{"id":33},"краткое-описание","Краткое описание",[10,36,37,38,42],{},"Официальный сервер Minecraft (Java Edition) — это обычное Java-приложение, ",[39,40,41],"code",{},"server.jar",". Ставится без какого-либо специального ПО: нужен только Java нужной версии и немного памяти под мир. Ниже — установка «ванильного» сервера с автозапуском через systemd, дальше на него можно накатывать Paper, Forge или любые моды тем же способом.",[31,44,46],{"id":45},"когда-пригодится","Когда пригодится",[48,49,50,54,57],"ul",{},[51,52,53],"li",{},"Вы хотите сервер для себя и друзей, без хостинг-панелей и лишней автоматики",[51,55,56],{},"Нужно поднять тестовый сервер под конкретную версию игры или набор модов",[51,58,59],{},"Старый сервер переехал на новый VPS и его нужно поднять с нуля",[31,61,63],{"id":62},"что-понадобится","Что понадобится",[48,65,66,69,77],{},[51,67,68],{},"VPS с 2+ ГБ RAM (для 5–10 игроков хватает 2 ГБ, для сборки с модами закладывайте 4+ ГБ)",[51,70,71,72],{},"Доступ по SSH под root или пользователем с sudo — см. ",[73,74,76],"a",{"href":75},"\u002Fwiki\u002Fgetting-started\u002Fconnect-ssh","Подключение по SSH",[51,78,79,80],{},"Открытый порт ",[39,81,82],{},"25565\u002Ftcp",[31,84,86],{"id":85},"пошаговая-инструкция","Пошаговая инструкция",[88,89,91],"h3",{"id":90},"_1-установите-java","1. Установите Java",[10,93,94],{},"Начиная с 1.20.5 требуется Java 21, для более старых версий (1.17–1.20.4) хватит Java 17.",[10,96,97],{},"Ubuntu \u002F Debian:",[99,100,105],"pre",{"className":101,"code":102,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","apt update\napt install -y openjdk-21-jre-headless\n","bash","",[39,106,107,120],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,109,112,116],"span",{"class":110,"line":111},"line",1,[108,113,115],{"class":114},"sBMFI","apt",[108,117,119],{"class":118},"sfazB"," update\n",[108,121,123,125,128,131],{"class":110,"line":122},2,[108,124,115],{"class":114},[108,126,127],{"class":118}," install",[108,129,130],{"class":118}," -y",[108,132,133],{"class":118}," openjdk-21-jre-headless\n",[10,135,136],{},"Проверьте версию:",[99,138,140],{"className":101,"code":139,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"java -version\n",[39,141,142],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,143,144,147],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,145,146],{"class":114},"java",[108,148,149],{"class":118}," -version\n",[88,151,153],{"id":152},"_2-создайте-пользователя-и-папку-сервера","2. Создайте пользователя и папку сервера",[10,155,156],{},"Запускать игровой сервер от root не стоит — заведите отдельного пользователя:",[99,158,160],{"className":101,"code":159,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"useradd -m -s \u002Fbin\u002Fbash minecraft\nmkdir -p \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\nchown minecraft:minecraft \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\n",[39,161,162,179,190],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,163,164,167,170,173,176],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,165,166],{"class":114},"useradd",[108,168,169],{"class":118}," -m",[108,171,172],{"class":118}," -s",[108,174,175],{"class":118}," \u002Fbin\u002Fbash",[108,177,178],{"class":118}," minecraft\n",[108,180,181,184,187],{"class":110,"line":122},[108,182,183],{"class":114},"mkdir",[108,185,186],{"class":118}," -p",[108,188,189],{"class":118}," \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\n",[108,191,193,196,199],{"class":110,"line":192},3,[108,194,195],{"class":114},"chown",[108,197,198],{"class":118}," minecraft:minecraft",[108,200,189],{"class":118},[88,202,204],{"id":203},"_3-скачайте-serverjar","3. Скачайте server.jar",[10,206,207,208,214],{},"Актуальную ссылку на нужную версию берите на ",[73,209,213],{"href":210,"rel":211},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.minecraft.net\u002Fen-us\u002Fdownload\u002Fserver",[212],"nofollow","официальной странице загрузок",". Пример для конкретной версии:",[99,216,218],{"className":101,"code":217,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"su - minecraft\ncd \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\ncurl -O https:\u002F\u002Fpiston-data.mojang.com\u002Fv1\u002Fobjects\u002F\u003Chash>\u002Fserver.jar\n",[39,219,220,230,238],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,221,222,225,228],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,223,224],{"class":114},"su",[108,226,227],{"class":118}," -",[108,229,178],{"class":118},[108,231,232,236],{"class":110,"line":122},[108,233,235],{"class":234},"s2Zo4","cd",[108,237,189],{"class":118},[108,239,240,243,246,249,253,256,260,263],{"class":110,"line":192},[108,241,242],{"class":114},"curl",[108,244,245],{"class":118}," -O",[108,247,248],{"class":118}," https:\u002F\u002Fpiston-data.mojang.com\u002Fv1\u002Fobjects\u002F",[108,250,252],{"class":251},"sMK4o","\u003C",[108,254,255],{"class":118},"has",[108,257,259],{"class":258},"sTEyZ","h",[108,261,262],{"class":251},">",[108,264,265],{"class":118},"\u002Fserver.jar\n",[10,267,268,271],{},[39,269,270],{},"\u003Chash>"," каждый раз свой — подставьте ссылку, которую даёт официальная страница для нужной версии.",[88,273,275],{"id":274},"_4-примите-eula","4. Примите EULA",[10,277,278],{},"Без этого сервер откажется стартовать:",[99,280,282],{"className":101,"code":281,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"echo \"eula=true\" > eula.txt\n",[39,283,284],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,285,286,289,292,295,298,301],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,287,288],{"class":234},"echo",[108,290,291],{"class":251}," \"",[108,293,294],{"class":118},"eula=true",[108,296,297],{"class":251},"\"",[108,299,300],{"class":251}," >",[108,302,303],{"class":118}," eula.txt\n",[88,305,307],{"id":306},"_5-настройте-serverproperties","5. Настройте server.properties",[10,309,310,311,314],{},"Первый запуск создаст ",[39,312,313],{},"server.properties"," — остановите сервер сразу после и отредактируйте файл:",[99,316,318],{"className":101,"code":317,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"java -Xms1G -Xmx2G -jar server.jar nogui\n",[39,319,320],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,321,322,324,327,330,333,336],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,323,146],{"class":114},[108,325,326],{"class":118}," -Xms1G",[108,328,329],{"class":118}," -Xmx2G",[108,331,332],{"class":118}," -jar",[108,334,335],{"class":118}," server.jar",[108,337,338],{"class":118}," nogui\n",[10,340,341,342,345,346,349,350,352],{},"Дождитесь строки ",[39,343,344],{},"Done"," в консоли, затем ",[39,347,348],{},"Ctrl+C",". Откройте ",[39,351,313],{}," и поправьте под себя:",[99,354,358],{"className":355,"code":356,"language":357,"meta":104,"style":104},"language-properties shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","server-port=25565\nmax-players=10\ndifficulty=normal\nwhite-list=false\nmotd=Мой сервер Minecraft\n","properties",[39,359,360,365,370,375,381],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,361,362],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,363,364],{},"server-port=25565\n",[108,366,367],{"class":110,"line":122},[108,368,369],{},"max-players=10\n",[108,371,372],{"class":110,"line":192},[108,373,374],{},"difficulty=normal\n",[108,376,378],{"class":110,"line":377},4,[108,379,380],{},"white-list=false\n",[108,382,384],{"class":110,"line":383},5,[108,385,386],{},"motd=Мой сервер Minecraft\n",[88,388,390],{"id":389},"_6-заведите-systemd-юнит","6. Заведите systemd-юнит",[10,392,393,394,397],{},"Создайте ",[39,395,396],{},"\u002Fetc\u002Fsystemd\u002Fsystem\u002Fminecraft.service",":",[99,399,403],{"className":400,"code":401,"language":402,"meta":104,"style":104},"language-ini shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","[Unit]\nDescription=Minecraft Server\nAfter=network.target\n\n[Service]\nUser=minecraft\nWorkingDirectory=\u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\nExecStart=\u002Fusr\u002Fbin\u002Fjava -Xms1G -Xmx2G -jar server.jar nogui\nRestart=on-failure\nRestartSec=10\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\n","ini",[39,404,405,410,415,420,426,431,437,443,449,455,461,466,472],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,406,407],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,408,409],{},"[Unit]\n",[108,411,412],{"class":110,"line":122},[108,413,414],{},"Description=Minecraft Server\n",[108,416,417],{"class":110,"line":192},[108,418,419],{},"After=network.target\n",[108,421,422],{"class":110,"line":377},[108,423,425],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":424},true,"\n",[108,427,428],{"class":110,"line":383},[108,429,430],{},"[Service]\n",[108,432,434],{"class":110,"line":433},6,[108,435,436],{},"User=minecraft\n",[108,438,440],{"class":110,"line":439},7,[108,441,442],{},"WorkingDirectory=\u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\n",[108,444,446],{"class":110,"line":445},8,[108,447,448],{},"ExecStart=\u002Fusr\u002Fbin\u002Fjava -Xms1G -Xmx2G -jar server.jar nogui\n",[108,450,452],{"class":110,"line":451},9,[108,453,454],{},"Restart=on-failure\n",[108,456,458],{"class":110,"line":457},10,[108,459,460],{},"RestartSec=10\n",[108,462,464],{"class":110,"line":463},11,[108,465,425],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":424},[108,467,469],{"class":110,"line":468},12,[108,470,471],{},"[Install]\n",[108,473,475],{"class":110,"line":474},13,[108,476,477],{},"WantedBy=multi-user.target\n",[10,479,480,481,484,485,488],{},"Значения ",[39,482,483],{},"-Xms","\u002F",[39,486,487],{},"-Xmx"," подберите под RAM сервера — под саму ОС и другие процессы оставляйте минимум 512 МБ – 1 ГБ.",[10,490,491],{},"Включите и запустите:",[99,493,495],{"className":101,"code":494,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"systemctl daemon-reload\nsystemctl enable --now minecraft\n",[39,496,497,505],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,498,499,502],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,500,501],{"class":114},"systemctl",[108,503,504],{"class":118}," daemon-reload\n",[108,506,507,509,512,515],{"class":110,"line":122},[108,508,501],{"class":114},[108,510,511],{"class":118}," enable",[108,513,514],{"class":118}," --now",[108,516,178],{"class":118},[88,518,520],{"id":519},"_7-откройте-порт","7. Откройте порт",[99,522,524],{"className":101,"code":523,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"ufw allow 25565\u002Ftcp\n",[39,525,526],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,527,528,531,534],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,529,530],{"class":114},"ufw",[108,532,533],{"class":118}," allow",[108,535,536],{"class":118}," 25565\u002Ftcp\n",[10,538,539,540,544,545,549],{},"Подробнее — ",[73,541,543],{"href":542},"\u002Fwiki\u002Fsecurity\u002Fufw","Настройка UFW"," или ",[73,546,548],{"href":547},"\u002Fwiki\u002Flinux\u002Ffirewall","Файрвол на Linux: обзор",", если у вас не Ubuntu\u002FDebian.",[31,551,553],{"id":552},"проверка-результата","Проверка результата",[48,555,556,565,591],{},[51,557,558,561,562],{},[39,559,560],{},"systemctl status minecraft"," показывает ",[39,563,564],{},"active (running)",[51,566,567,568,571,572],{},"В логе видна строка вида ",[39,569,570],{},"Done (X.XXXs)! For help, type \"help\"",":\n",[99,573,575],{"className":101,"code":574,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"journalctl -u minecraft -f\n",[39,576,577],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,578,579,582,585,588],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,580,581],{"class":114},"journalctl",[108,583,584],{"class":118}," -u",[108,586,587],{"class":118}," minecraft",[108,589,590],{"class":118}," -f\n",[51,592,593,594],{},"Сервер отвечает на пинг из клиента Minecraft по адресу ",[39,595,596],{},"\u003CIP сервера>:25565",[31,598,600],{"id":599},"возможные-ошибки","Возможные ошибки",[10,602,603,608],{},[13,604,605],{},[39,606,607],{},"Failed to load properties from file: server.properties"," — файл ещё не создан или удалён. Запустите сервер один раз вручную (шаг 5), он создаст файл заново.",[10,610,611,614,615,618,619,621],{},[13,612,613],{},"Сервер стартует и сразу падает без ошибок в логе"," — чаще всего не хватает памяти. Проверьте ",[39,616,617],{},"free -h"," и уменьшите ",[39,620,487],{},", либо переносите сервер на VPS с большим объёмом RAM.",[10,623,624,627,628,631,632,635,636,639],{},[13,625,626],{},"Клиент пишет «Connection timed out»"," — порт ",[39,629,630],{},"25565"," не открыт в файрволе, либо провайдер блокирует входящие. Проверьте ",[39,633,634],{},"ufw status"," и убедитесь, что порт проброшен именно как ",[39,637,638],{},"tcp",".",[10,641,642,648],{},[13,643,644,645],{},"После апдейта Java сервер не стартует с ошибкой про ",[39,646,647],{},"class file version"," — версия Java не соответствует версии Minecraft (см. шаг 1). Обновите JRE до нужной мажорной версии.",[31,650,652],{"id":651},"faq","FAQ",[10,654,655,658,659,662,663,665,666,669],{},[13,656,657],{},"Можно ли поставить Paper\u002FSpigot вместо ванильного сервера?","\nДа, процесс идентичен — просто скачайте ",[39,660,661],{},"paper-*.jar"," вместо ",[39,664,41],{}," и укажите его в ",[39,667,668],{},"ExecStart",". EULA и systemd-юнит не меняются.",[10,671,672,675,676,679],{},[13,673,674],{},"Как сделать автосохранение и бэкапы мира?","\nИгра сама сохраняется по таймеру (команда ",[39,677,678],{},"save-all"," в консоли). Для бэкапов проще всего архивировать папку мира по cron:",[99,681,683],{"className":101,"code":682,"language":103,"meta":104,"style":104},"tar -czf \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\u002Fbackups\u002Fworld-$(date +%F).tar.gz -C \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft world\n",[39,684,685],{"__ignoreMap":104},[108,686,687,690,693,696,699,702,705,708,711,714,717],{"class":110,"line":111},[108,688,689],{"class":114},"tar",[108,691,692],{"class":118}," -czf",[108,694,695],{"class":118}," \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft\u002Fbackups\u002Fworld-",[108,697,698],{"class":251},"$(",[108,700,701],{"class":114},"date",[108,703,704],{"class":118}," +%F",[108,706,707],{"class":251},")",[108,709,710],{"class":118},".tar.gz",[108,712,713],{"class":118}," -C",[108,715,716],{"class":118}," \u002Fopt\u002Fminecraft",[108,718,719],{"class":118}," world\n",[10,721,722,725,726,729,730,732,733,736],{},[13,723,724],{},"Как ограничить сервер только по белому списку?","\nУстановите ",[39,727,728],{},"white-list=true"," в ",[39,731,313],{},", затем добавляйте игроков командой ",[39,734,735],{},"whitelist add \u003Cник>"," в консоли сервера.",[31,738,740],{"id":739},"полезные-ссылки","Полезные ссылки",[48,742,743,749,756],{},[51,744,745],{},[73,746,748],{"href":210,"rel":747},[212],"Официальная страница загрузок сервера",[51,750,751],{},[73,752,755],{"href":753,"rel":754},"https:\u002F\u002Fminecraft.wiki\u002Fw\u002FServer.properties",[212],"Wiki Minecraft: server.properties",[51,757,758],{},[73,759,762],{"href":760,"rel":761},"https:\u002F\u002Fpapermc.io\u002F",[212],"PaperMC — производительный форк сервера",[31,764,766],{"id":765},"следующие-статьи","Следующие статьи",[48,768,769,775,781,787],{},[51,770,771],{},[73,772,774],{"href":773},"\u002Fwiki\u002Fgame-servers\u002Fdayz","Установка сервера DayZ",[51,776,777],{},[73,778,780],{"href":779},"\u002Fwiki\u002Fgame-servers\u002Fvalheim","Установка сервера Valheim",[51,782,783],{},[73,784,786],{"href":785},"\u002Fwiki\u002Fgame-servers\u002Fzomboid","Установка сервера Project Zomboid",[51,788,789],{},[73,790,543],{"href":542},[792,793,794],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sBMFI, html code.shiki .sBMFI{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html pre.shiki code .sfazB, html code.shiki .sfazB{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#C3E88D;--shiki-dark:#C3E88D}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki code .s2Zo4, html code.shiki .s2Zo4{--shiki-light:#6182B8;--shiki-default:#82AAFF;--shiki-dark:#82AAFF}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki .sMK4o{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .sTEyZ, html code.shiki .sTEyZ{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-dark:#BABED8}",{"title":104,"searchDepth":122,"depth":122,"links":796},[797,798,799,800,809,810,811,812,813],{"id":33,"depth":122,"text":34},{"id":45,"depth":122,"text":46},{"id":62,"depth":122,"text":63},{"id":85,"depth":122,"text":86,"children":801},[802,803,804,805,806,807,808],{"id":90,"depth":192,"text":91},{"id":152,"depth":192,"text":153},{"id":203,"depth":192,"text":204},{"id":274,"depth":192,"text":275},{"id":306,"depth":192,"text":307},{"id":389,"depth":192,"text":390},{"id":519,"depth":192,"text":520},{"id":552,"depth":122,"text":553},{"id":599,"depth":122,"text":600},{"id":651,"depth":122,"text":652},{"id":739,"depth":122,"text":740},{"id":765,"depth":122,"text":766},"Как поднять сервер Minecraft на VPS — Java, eula, systemd и настройка server.properties.","md",{},"\u002Fwiki\u002Fgame-servers\u002Fminecraft","Игровые серверы",{"title":5,"description":814},"wiki\u002Fgame-servers\u002Fminecraft","xONZ4anqgvpwMUN2gvh6_wbsFupMlRsNvRQkykTnoXQ",1791920525703]